RainbowStats forecast • September 2, 2026

Putting our model on the line: +41,000 jobs Friday

The August Employment Situation arrives Friday at 8:30 a.m. Eastern. We are publishing our number in advance—and showing every assumption behind it.

ADP: +38K  •  Consensus: +58K  •  RainbowStats: +41K
Our headline call
+41K
August change in PAYEMS
Implied PAYEMS level
158.899M
Up from 158.858 million
Market consensus
+58K
Our forecast is 17K lower

On Friday, September 4, the Bureau of Labor Statistics will publish the August 2026 Employment Situation. Our forecast is a gain of 41,000 nonfarm payrolls, which would lift the seasonally adjusted PAYEMS level from 158.858 million to approximately 158.899 million.

The RainbowStats forecast+41,000 jobsPrivate payrolls +67,500; government payrolls −26,250.

Why we do not simply add ADP’s 38,000

ADP reported a 38,000 increase in private payrolls. But ADP is not the BLS establishment survey, and it does not measure government employment. The two private-payroll series share a direction at times, but their monthly changes can diverge substantially. A one-for-one translation would be false precision.

Line chart comparing monthly changes in ADP and BLS private payrolls since 2021
ADP and BLS private payrolls are related indicators—not interchangeable measurements. The August ADP point is +38K; BLS private payrolls are available through July.

Step 1: forecast private payroll growth

We first match the target to the predictor. ADP measures private payrolls, so the transfer function forecasts USPRIV, not total PAYEMS. Both series are converted to monthly log changes and the estimation starts in January 2021, avoiding the 2020 collapse that overwhelmed the full-sample relationship.

RainbowStats prewhitens the two growth series with ARIMA models and searches the residual relationship. The selected ADP residual enters at lag 11, but it is statistically weak: β = −0.080, t = −0.672, and adjusted R² = −0.031. That is an important result. The model is not pretending that one ADP release contains a reliable one-month payroll signal.

Model diagnosticResult
Estimation periodJanuary 2021–July 2026
Observations53
Selected ADP residual lag11 months
ADP residual β / t-statistic−0.080 / −0.672
R² / adjusted R²0.0088 / −0.031
August private log-growth forecast0.0004976

The model’s August private-payroll log-growth forecast is 0.0004976. With July private payrolls at 135.588 million, the conversion is:

135,588 × (exp(0.000497628) − 1) = 67.5 thousand private jobs

The model’s 95% private-payroll interval is broad—approximately −102,000 to +237,000—so this is a published point estimate, not a claim of certainty.

Step 2: add government payrolls separately

Total nonfarm payrolls equal private payrolls plus government payrolls. Government employment has recently weakened, including a 53,000 decline in July. We use the latest 12-month average government change, −26,250, as the transparent baseline rather than asking ADP to explain a sector it does not cover.

Bar chart of monthly government payroll changes since 2025
The latest 12-month government-payroll mean is −26.25K; the median is −10K. The difference explains much of the forecast sensitivity.
+67.5K private − 26.25K government = +41.2K total nonfarm payrolls
Bar chart decomposing the 41 thousand payroll forecast
Rounded to the nearest thousand, our published forecast is +41K, 17K below the +58K consensus.

How much depends on government payrolls?

More than we would like, and we show it plainly. Using the government ARIMA forecast produces +28K. Using the 12-month mean gives our official +41K call. Using the recent median gives about +57K—effectively the +58K consensus.

Horizontal bar chart showing payroll forecast sensitivity to government assumptions
The reasonable model range is roughly +28K to +57K. We select +41K because it uses the simple, reproducible 12-month mean.
What would prove us wrong?
A rebound in government hiring or an unusually large positive BLS–ADP divergence would push the headline toward or above consensus. Another government contraction would pull it toward the lower end of our range.

The prediction

There is no hedging the headline: we predict that August nonfarm payrolls increased by 41,000. That corresponds to a PAYEMS level of approximately 158.899 million. We will compare the forecast with Friday’s release and examine the miss—direction, magnitude, revisions, and which component failed.

Run the RainbowStats replication

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Sources and replication

Data accessed through RainbowStats on September 2, 2026. Payroll values and changes are seasonally adjusted where defined by their source. Forecasts are estimates and are not investment advice.